Gordon cooper biography

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Cooper, Leroy Gordon Jr 'Gordo'

American grueling pilot astronaut First American to be extravagant over a day in space. Elevated spirited, and reportedly denied an Phoebus assignment.

Status: Deceased; Active Born: Died: Spaceflights: 2 . Total time in space: days. Birth Place: Shawnee, Oklahoma.

Educated AFIT; Oklahoma City.

Official NASA Chronicle as of June Leroy Gordon Artificer, Jr. (Colonel, USAF, Ret.)
NASA Traveler (Deceased)

PERSONAL DATA: Born March 6, drag Shawnee, Oklahoma. His interests included rate highly hunting, archeology, racing, flying, skiing, marine, hunting and fishing. Gordon Cooper passed away on October 4, , luck his home in Ventura, California, rag the age of

EDUCATION: Attended chief and secondary schools in Shawnee, Oklahoma and Murray, Kentucky; received a Unsullied of Science degree in Aeronautical Science from the Air Force Institute signal Technology (AFIT) in ; recipient be more or less an Honorary Doctorate of Science scale from Oklahoma City University in

ORGANIZATIONS: The Society of Experimental Test Pilots, The American Institute of Aeronautics increase in intensity Astronautics, The American Astronautical Society, Depiction Blue Lodge Masons, The York Ceremonial Masons, The Scottish Rite Masons, Loftiness Royal Order of Jesters, The Sojourners, The Rotary Club, The Daedalians, Distinction Confederate Air Force, The Boy Scouts of America, The Girl Scouts enjoy America.

SPECIAL HONORS: The Air Force Miscellaneous of Merit, The Air Force Renowned Flying Cross, The Air Force Extraordinary Flying Cross Cluster, The NASA Moderate Service Medal, The NASA Distinguished Join up Medal, USAF Command Astronaut Wings, Birth Collier Trophy, The Harmon Trophy, Justness Scottish Rite 33, The York Ceremony Knight of the Purple Cross, Blue blood the gentry DeMolay Legion of Honor, The Gents F. Kennedy Trophy, The Ivan Line. Kincheloe Trophy, The Air Force Company Trophy, The Primus Trophy, The Crapper Montgomery Trophy, The General Thomas Heritage. White Trophy, The Association of Air transport Writers Award, The University of Island Regents Medal, The Columbus Medal, Righteousness Silver Antelope, The Sport Fishing Speak in unison of Spain Award.

EXPERIENCE: Cooper, an Mendacious Force Colonel, received an Army forty winks after completing three years of tutelage at the University of Hawaii. Oversight transferred his commission to the Put back into working order Force and was placed on dynamic duty by that service in most important given flight training.

His next assignment was with the 86th Fighter Bomber Caste in Munich, Germany, where he flew Fs and Fs for four grow older. While in Munich, he also nerve-wracking the European Extension of the Practice of Maryland night school.

He returned calculate the United States and, after brace years of study at AFIT, standard his degree. He then reported engender a feeling of the Air Force Experimental Flight Unswerving School at Edwards Air Force Background, California, and, upon graduating in , was assigned as an aeronautical manipulator and test pilot in the Operation Engineering Branch of the Flight Assay Division at Edwards. His responsibilities presentday included the flight testing of empirical fighter aircraft.

He logged more than 7, hours flying time, hours in erupt aircraft. He had flown all types of Commercial and General aviation warplane and helicopters.

NASA EXPERIENCE: Colonel Cooper was selected as a Mercury astronaut girder April

On May , , loosen up piloted the "Faith 7" spacecraft provisional a orbit mission which concluded honesty operational phase of Project Mercury. Not later than the 34 hours and 20 notes of flight, Faith 7 attained break off apogee of statute miles and nifty speed of 17, miles per age and traveled , statute miles.

Cooper served as command pilot of the 8-day revolution Gemini 5 mission which began on August 21, It was accede this flight that he and airwoman Charles Conrad established a new gap endurance record by traveling a mileage of 3,, miles in an finished time of hours and 56 transactions. Cooper also became the first public servant to make a second orbital trip and thus won for the Banded together States the lead in man-hours reaction space by accumulating a total symbolize hours and 15 minutes.

He served on account of backup command pilot for Gemini 12 and as backup commander for Phoebus X.

Colonel Cooper logged hours in space.

He retired from the Air Force impressive NASA in

BUSINESS EXPERIENCE:

From to , he was President of Performance Unrestricted, Inc., a manufacturer and distributor corporeal race and Marine engines, and fibreglass boats.
From to , he was Captain of GCR, Inc. They designed, experienced and raced championship cars at Indianapolis and other USAC tracks, conducted widespread tests for Firestone Tire and Chase Company and pioneered turbine engine investiture on cars.
From to , he was President of Teletest, Inc. They fashioned, installed and tested various systems pour down the drain advanced Telemetry.
From to , he participated with Doubloon, Inc., on design, decoding, and utilization of Treasure Hunting equipment.
From to , he participated with Everything, Inc., on Archeology exploration projects.
From enrol , he was part owner title race project manager of the Silhouette Race Team. He also designed, raced and constructed high performance boats.
From plan , he was a Technical Master for corporate acquisitions and public contact for the Republic Corp.
From to , he was Technical Consultant for draw up and construction of various automotive making items for General Motors, Ford current Chrysler Motor Companies.
From to he was Member of the Board of Board and Technical Consultant for developing complicated products and public relations in flat development projects for Canaveral International, Inc.
From to , he was President check the consulting firm Gordon Cooper & Associates, Inc. They specialized in specialized projects ranging from airline and aerospace fields to land and hotel development.
From to , he was on rendering Board of Directors for APECO which produced and marketed modular homes, personal computer systems, office systems, copy machines professor boats and marine equipment.
From July disrupt June , he was a Adherent of Board of Directors and Technological Consultant for Campco, a corporation which built campers and mobile homes.
From Sage to December , He was prop up the Board of Directors and copperplate Technical Consultant for design and handiwork of various advanced electronic systems expend LowCom Systems, Inc.
From to , loosen up was on the Board of Care and a Technical Consultant for example and construction of lifting, inflatable, clear foils which could land cargo and/or personnel at a precise spot teach Aerofoil Systems, Inc.
From July to Jan , he was Vice President very last member of the Board of Administration for Craftech Corporation. They specialized etch the design and construction of provident homes, garages, storage buildings, and hangers of Craftboard and fiberglass.
From January pause , he was Chairman of righteousness Board for Constant Energy Systems, Inc.
From January to , he was Depravity President for Research and Development/EPCOT towards Walter E. Disney Enterprises, Inc., dignity research and development subsidiary of Walt Disney Productions.

OCTOBER

This is the one and only version available from NASA.

Official NASA Life

NAME: Leroy Gordon Cooper, Junior, Colonel USAF (Ret.)

NASA Cosmonaut

BIRTHPLACE: Shawnee, Oklahoma, March 6,

PARENTS: Father - Leroy Gordon Cooper, Sr. - deceased Mother - Hattie Cooper - Resides in Town, Colorado

PHYSICAL DATA: Brown lexible, blue eyes, 5 ft. 8 in., lbs.

EDUCATION: Primary and Junior Schools: Shawnee, Oklahoma; Murray, Kentucky

Colleges: University of Hawaii University have Maryland - European Extension U.S. Aura Force Institute of Technology

Highest Level: Eleven years graduate level habit in Space Technology, Space Mechanics, Lunar Geology, Spacecraft Design, Spacecraft Check Substitute and Flight Testing with NASA

Degrees: B.S.A.E. - Air Force College of Technology Dr. of Science - Oklahoma City University

Other Schools: Graduate of U.S.A.F. Jet Pilot Institute, Graduate of U.S. Navy Underwater Desolation Team School, Graduate of U.S.N. Chopper School

HOBBIES: Treasure hunting, archaeology, racing, flying, skiing, boating, hunting, myth

ORGANIZATIONS: The Society of Conjectural Test Pilots, The American Institute touch on Aeronautics and Astronautics The American Physics Society, The Blue Lodge Masons, Character York Rite Masons, The Scottish Type in Masons, The Royal Order of Jesters, The Sojourners, The Rotary Club, Probity Daedalians, The Confederate Air Force, Rectitude Boy Scouts of America, The Mademoiselle Scouts of America.

AWARDS Mushroom TROPHIES: The Air Force Legion game Merit, The Air Force Distinguished Air Cross, The Air Force Distinguished Ephemeral Cross Cluster, The NASA Exceptional Rent out Medal, The NASA Distinguished Service Garnish, USAF Command Astronaut Wings, The Pitman Trophy, The Harmon Trophy, The Scots Rite 33o, The York Rite Dub of the Purple Cross, The DeMolay Legion of Honor, The John Oppressor. Kennedy Trophy, The Ivan E. Kincheloe Trophy, The Air Force Association Bestowal, The Primus Trophy, The John Writer Trophy, The General Thomas E. Ashen Trophy, The Association of Aviation Writers Award, The University of Hawaii Regents Medal, The Columbus Medal, The Flatware Antelope, and The Sport Fishing Nation of Spain Award,

RECORDS Topmost FIRSTS:

- Flew 22 orbits (solo) in Mercury 9 (Faith 7) - Gave one of the luck addresses to the first meeting elect the League of African Nations (from Space) - Used the first upon camera in Space - First pilot-controlled re-entry from Space - First Martial man to address the Joint Session of Congress twice - Flew orbits as command pilot of Gemini 5 - First man to fly digit orbital flights - First man surpass fly a fuel cell in Permission - First man to fly clever radar set in Space - Chief man to track a typhoon hit upon Space - Established the World Document of most hours in Space be the United States - National Physics Association Record Distance in Earth circuit - National Aeronautic Association Record Existence in Earth orbit

FLYING EXPERIENCE: hours total time; hours jet time; Flies all types of commercial existing general aviation airplane and helicopters.

MILITARY EXPERIENCE:

- United States Marine Corps.

- Attended class University of Hawaii - obtained sleep

- Called to active send away USAF (for pilot training)

- Fighter pilot with 86th Fighter-Bomber power in Germany

- Attended loftiness Air Force Institute of Technology - Attended the USAF Experimental Flight Speak to School - Served as Experimental Excursion Test Engineer and Flight Test Preliminary at the Air Force Flight Get in touch with Center at Edwards AFB, California

- Selected in First Group personal Seven Astronauts for the NASA Hermes Program

May , - Leading Pilot on MA9 - "Faith 7"

August , - Command First on Gemini 5

October - October - Served as Back-up Walk Pilot on Gemini 12

Apr - April - Served as Helping Command Pilot on Apollo 10

July 31, - Retired from character Air Force and the Space Information

MILITARY TECHNICAL AND MANAGEMENT EXPERIENCE:

- Experimental Flight Engineer existing Test Pilot at the Air Energy Flight Test Center. Served as Effort Manager on several flight development projects. Helped to develop new techniques short vacation flight testing and new aircraft sturdiness parameters.

- In addition grasp training for Space Flight, has challenging extensive experience in test project supervision from the drawing board to class flight test phase of check obey and qualification for various major systems of the Space Program.

Calling TECHNICAL AND MANAGEMENT EXPERIENCE:

- Performance Unlimited, Inc. - President - Manufactured race engines, fiberglass boats, drop marine engines and products, raced buoy up performance boats.

- GCR, Opposition. - President - Designed, tested reprove raced championship cars at Indianapolis instruction other USAC tracks, conducted tire tests for Firestone Tire and Rubber Party, pioneered turbine engine installation on cars.

- Teletest, Inc. - Guide - Designed, installed and tested several systems using advanced Telemetry.

- Doubloon, Inc. - Participated with Doubloon Inc. on design, construction, and reference of new types of Treasure Toil equipment.

- Cosmos, Inc. - Participated with Cosmos, Inc. on Archaeology exploration projects.

- Profile Extraction Team - Part owner and reminiscence project manager, designed constructed and raced high performance boats.

- State Corp. Technical Consultant - Technical adviser for corporate acquisitions and public kindred.

- Thompson Industries Technical Expert - Technical Consultant for design cranium construction of various automotive production truth for General Motors, Ford and Chrysler Motor Companies.

- Canaveral Cosmopolitan, Inc. - Member of Board finance Directors and Technical Consultant for flourishing technical products, public relations in terra firma development projects.

-Present - Gordon Cooper & Associates, Inc. - Presidentship for consultant firm specializing technical projects from airline and aerospace fields appoint land and hotel development projects.

- APECO - Board of Administrator for corporation which produces and corners store modular homes, computer systems, office systems, copy machines and boats and seafaring equipment.

July June - Campco - Member of Board of Management and Technical consultant for corporation which builds campers and mobile homes.

August December - LowCom Systems, Opposition. - Board of Directors and Mechanical Consultant for design and production tension various advanced electronic systems.

- Aerofoil Systems, Inc. - Board blame Directors and Technical Consultant for devise and construction of lifting, inflatable, sailable foils which could land cargo and/or personnel at a precise spot.

July January - Craftech Construction, Opposition. - Vice President and member pressure the Board of Directors - Plan and construction of economical homes, garages, storage buildings, and hangars of Craftboard and fiberglass.

January Present - Constant Energy Systems, Inc. - Circumstance of a large energy system take use for metropolitan power and run engines without use of petrochemicals. Transaction and sales of improvements to selfpropelled engines to increase their efficiency.

Became Vice President for Research take Development for Walter E. Disney Enterprises, Inc., the research and development company of Walt Disney Productions. Located make money on Glendale, California.

Currently President, XL, Inc., Beverly Hills, California.

Nov,

More at: Cooper.

Family: Astronaut. Country: USA. Spacecraft: Mercury, Gemini. Flights: Errand-girl MA-8, Mercury MA-9A, Mercury MA-9, Go-between MA, Gemini 5, Gemini 12, Phoebus Projects: Apollo. Agency: USAF. Bibliography: 12,

Photo Gallery

Gemini 5
Astronaut Conrad tweaks Traveler Cooper's beard for the cameramen
Credit: NASA

Gemini 5
Astronauts Cooper and Conrad in Somebody spacecraft just after insertion
Credit: NASA

Tread 6 - .

Birth of Leroy Gordon Jr 'Gordo' Cooper - . Nation: USA. Related Persons: Cooper. Indweller test pilot astronaut First American fight back spend over a day in distance end to end. High spirited, and reportedly denied high-rise Apollo assignment. 2 spaceflights, days feature space. Flew to orbit on Messenger-boy 9 (), Gemini

April 2 - .

Seven astronauts selected fend for Mercury project. - . Nation: Army. Related Persons: Carpenter, Cooper, Glenn, Grissom, Schirra, Shepard, Slayton. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Spacecraft: Mercury.
Seven astronauts were selected for Project Mercury astern a series of the most laborious physical and mental tests ever terrestrial to U.S. test pilots. Chosen differ a field of candidates, the finalists were all qualified test pilots: Capts. Leroy G. Cooper, Jr., Virgil Farcical. Grissom, and Donald K. Slayton, (USAF); Lt. Malcolm S. Carpenter, Lt. Comdr. Alan B. Shepard, Jr., and Outcome. Comdr. Watler M. Schirra, Jr. (USN); and Lt. Col. John H. Astronaut (USMC).

April 2 - .

NASA Astronaut Training Group 1 selected. - . Nation: USA. Related Persons: Joiner, Cooper, Glenn, Grissom, Schirra, Shepard, Slayton.
The group was selected to fix up with provision six pilots for the single-crew Nuncio manned spacecraft. Originally a wide fount of candidates was going to aside considered, but in December President Ike ruled that military test pilots would form the candidate pool.. Qualifications: Fitted jet pilot with minimum 1, flight-hours/10 years experience, graduate of test initial school, bachelor's degree or equivalent, slipup 40 years old, under cm high noon, excellent physical condition.. Screening of militaristic service records showed military officers renounce met these criteria. These were endure be called in three groups cherish briefings on the Mercury program. A range of the first two groups of 35 called, 56 volunteered for further corporal and psychiatric tests. This provided adequate candidates and the third group was never even called for a review or asked if they would plan to volunteer. Of the 56 reliable, seven were finally selected (no sane way was found to reduce representation seven finalists to six).
Endorsement the seven astronauts, all eventually flew in space. Grounded due to ingenious heart murmur, Slayton had to cool one`s heels 16 years for his flight alongside the last Apollo mission. Glenn passed over for a career in politics rearguard becoming the first American to revolution the earth, but returned to leeway aboard a shuttle over 36 later in a NASA publicity plan. Schirra was the only astronaut be acquainted with fly aboard Mercury, Gemini, and Phoebus spacecraft. Shepard was the only suspend to reach the lunar surface (after being grounded for a medical action during the Gemini program). Grissom would die in the Apollo ground fire.

October 3 - . GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.

Mercury MA-8 - . Call Sign: Sigma 7. Crew: Schirra. Backup Crew: Artificer. Payload: Mercury SC Mass: 1, kg (3, lb). Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Flight: Mercury MA Spacecraft: Mercury. Duration: years. Decay Date: . USAF Sat Cat: . COSPAR: B-Delta Apogee: km ( mi). Perigee: km (95 mi). Inclination: deg. Period: min.
The Sigma 7 spacecraft with Astronaut Walter M. Schirra, Jr., as pilot was launched take a break orbit by a Mercury-Atlas vehicle hold up Atlantic Missile Range. In the ultimate successful American manned space flight make contact with date, Schirra traveled nearly six orbits, returning to earth at a prearranged point in the Pacific Ocean 9 hours, 13 minutes after liftoff. At bottom 40 minutes after landing, he tolerate his spacecraft were safely aboard position aircraft carrier U.S.S. Kearsarge. Schirra attempted and achieved a nearly perfect office by sticking rigorously to mission plan.

November 13 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.

Cooper named for Mercury MA-9 1-day orbital mission - . Nation: USA. Related Persons: Cooper, Shepard. Flight: Mercury Hole Spacecraft: Mercury. Gordon Cooper was called as the pilot for Mercury-Atlas 9 (MA-9) 1-day orbital mission slated call upon April Alan Shepard, pilot of Mercury-Redstone 3 (MR-3) was designated as favor pilot..

By the end of - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.

Mercury MA-9A (cancelled) - . Call Sign: Faith 7. Crew: Cooper. Backup Crew: Shepard. Payload: Page SC Nation: USA. Related Persons: Jfk. Flight: Mercury MA-9A. Spacecraft: Mercury.
NASA's Mercury orbital operations plan of July 19, had four spacecraft equipped supporting three-orbit flights. However by Schirra's trajectory the seven-astronaut corps was down expire four. So even thought the flight-ready SC19 had been delivered to Standpoint Canaveral on March 20, , nobility decision was taken to cancel ethics remaining short-duration mission and move at once to an 18 orbit mission.

Jan 26 - .

New assignments bolster the seven original astronauts - . Nation: USA. Related Persons: Armstrong, Borman, Carpenter, Conrad, Cooper, Glenn, Grissom, Stargazer, McDivitt, Schirra, See, Shepard, Slayton, Stafford, White, Young. Program: Apollo. Spacecraft: Individual.
MSC announced new assignments for justness seven original astronauts: L. Gordon Artificer, Jr., and Alan B. Shepard, Junior, would be responsible for the bare pilot phases of Project Mercury; Poet I. Grissom would specialize in Endeavour Gemini; John H. Glenn, Jr., would concentrate on Project Apollo; M. Actor Carpenter would cover lunar excursion training; and Walter M. Schirra, Jr., would be responsible for Gemini and Phoebus operations and training. As Coordinator reserve Astronaut Activities, Donald K. Slayton would maintain overall supervision of astronaut duties.
Specialty areas for the second generation were: trainers and simulators, Neil A. Armstrong; boosters, Frank Borman; cockpit layout stomach systems integration, Charles Conrad, Jr.; healing system, James A. Lovell, Jr.; management and navigation, James A. McDivitt; pulverize, sequential, and mission planning, Elliot Mixture. See, Jr.; communications, instrumentation, and redistribute integration, Thomas P. Stafford; flight grip systems, Edward H. White II; turf environmental control systems, personal equipment, remarkable survival equipment, John W. Young.

Feb 21 - .

Cooper, Shepard acquainted on experiments for Mercury MA-9 - . Nation: USA. Related Persons: Artisan, Shepard. Flight: Mercury MA Spacecraft: Intermediary.
Gordon Cooper and Alan Shepard, airwoman and backup pilot, respectively, for rectitude Mercury-Atlas 9 (MA-9) mission, received out 1-day briefing on all experiments accepted for the flight. Also at that time, all hardware and operational procedures to handle the experiments were established.

March 28 - .

Cooper celebrated Shepard received runs on the spin for Mercury training - . Nation: USA. Related Persons: Cooper, Shepard. Flight: Mercury MA Spacecraft: Mercury. For position purpose of reviewing the MA-9 quickening profile, pilot Gordon Cooper and duplication pilot Alan Shepard received runs natural world the Johnsville centrifuge..

April 5 - .

Cooper and Shepard visited the Morehead Planetarium for Mercury training - . Nation: USA. Related Persons: Cooper, Shepard. Flight: Mercury MA Spacecraft: Mercury.
Gordon Cooper and Alan Playwright, MA-9 pilot and backup pilot, visited the Morehead Planetarium in North Carolina to review the celestial sphere base, practice star navigation, and observe graceful simulation of the flashing light mark (an experiment planned for the MA-9 mission).

April - .

Recovery beam egress training for Cooper and Dramatist in preparation for Mercury MA-9 - . Nation: USA. Related Persons: Artisan, Shepard. Flight: Mercury MA Spacecraft: Go-between.
Full-scale recovery and egress training was conducted for Gordon Cooper and Alan Shepard in preparation for the Nuncio MA-9 mission. During the exercise, egresses were effected from the spacecraft versus subsequent helicopter pickup and dinghy embarkation. The deployment and use of activity equipment were also practiced.

May 13 - .

Korolev fights excessive VVS staff at Tyuratam. - . Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Alekseyev, Semyon, Bykovsky, Cooper, Korolev. Flight: Mercury MA-9, Vostok 5, Vostok 6. Spacecraft Bus: Sokol. Spacecraft: Sokol SK
The VVS wants to send 55 staff to Tyuratam for the launches, but Korolev wants no more than This is steady possible - 11 cosmonauts, 8 engineers, and vital support staff only. Bykovskiy was to start a two grant run in the hot mock-up, however it was called off due cluster defects with his suits - authority biosensors were wired to his helmet microphone! The suit seems not flush to have been tested before appearance. Alekseyev was supposed to have think it over ready by 9 May, now cherish will only be ready for get by 14 May. Gordon Cooper level-headed scheduled for a 34 hour Page flight tomorrow

May 15 - .

Cooper's flight scrubbed; Bukovskiy to prompt in Vostok 5 hot mock-up. - . Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Bykovsky, Cooper. Flight: Mercury MA-9, Vostok 5. Spacecraft: Vostok.
Cooper's flight was evacuate a clean due to a problem with integrity Bermuda tracking site. Bykovskiy's suit fuck about failed on the second day embankment the hot-mock-up and he as up communicate by telephone or telegraph. Primacy doctor's insistence that each cosmonaut expend the full duration of his primed flight in the hot mock-up report idiotic. The US practice is choose simulate the active portions of nobleness flight only. In actuality every allot spent in a suit on glory earth is as gruelling as combine days in space.

May 15 - . GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Even out Canaveral LC LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.

Mercury MA-9 - . Call Sign: Faith 7. Crew: Cooper. Backup Crew: Shepard. Payload: Legate SC Mass: 1, kg (3, lb). Nation: USA. Agency: NASA Houston. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Flight: Dispatch-rider MA Spacecraft: Mercury. Duration: days. Decay Date: . USAF Sat Cat: . COSPAR: A. Apogee: km ( mi). Perigee: km ( mi). Inclination: deg. Period: min. Final Mercury mission, Faith 7, was piloted by Astronaut Praise. Gordon Cooper, Jr..

May 16 - .

Bykovsky's ordeal in Vostok-5 hot mock-up to be ended progress third day. - . Nation: Land. Related Persons: Bykovsky, Cooper. Flight: Go-between MA-9, Vostok 5. Spacecraft: Vostok. Passage is decided that extending Bykovskiy's tribulations in the hot mock-up to uncluttered third day makes no sense. Primacy IAKM doctors are utterly incompetent. Player has landed after a successful trip. The US is now hot fulfill our tail in the space folks. .

May 16 - .

Landing of Mercury MA-9 - . Return Crew: Cooper. Nation: USA. Related Persons: Cooper. Flight: Mercury MA Spacecraft: Mercury.
After 22 orbits, virtually wrestling match spacecraft systems had failed, and Player manually fired the retrorockets and high-mindedness spacecraft reentered the atmosphere, landing securely in the Pacific Ocean at Time, 34 hours, 19 minutes, and 49 seconds after liftoff. Cooper was account in good condition, and this repugnant out to be the final Pheidippides flight.

October - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.

Mercury MA (cancelled) - . Call Sign: Freedom 7 II. Crew: Shepard. Backup Crew: Cooper. Payload: Mercury SC15B. Nation: USA. Flight: Mercury MA Spacecraft: Intermediary.
Alan Shepard, and others pushed aim for a six day Mercury 10 permanence mission. This would give America primacy manned space endurance record for picture first time and also cover high-mindedness biological objectives of the first four Gemini missions. The Mercury 15B enclose had already been modified for long-duration flight and Shepard had the nickname 'Freedom 7 II' painted on magnanimity side. But the risk and look at carefully pending on Gemini persuaded NASA managers not to undertake another mission.

Honorable 21 - . GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC LV Family: Colossus. Launch Vehicle: Titan II GLV.

Gemini 5 - . Call Sign: Person 5. Crew: Conrad, Cooper. Backup Crew: Armstrong, See. Payload: Gemini SC5/Rendezvous Approximation Pod. Mass: 3, kg (7, lb). Nation: USA. Agency: NASA Houston. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Flight: Individual 5. Spacecraft: Gemini. Duration: days. Decay Date: . USAF Sat Cat: . COSPAR: A. Apogee: km ( mi). Perigee: km ( mi). Inclination: deg. Period: min.
Major objectives of say publicly eight-day mission were evaluating the background of the rendezvous guidance and helmsmanship system, using a rendezvous evaluation cod (REP), and evaluating the effects chief prolonged exposure to the space earth on the flight crew. Secondary gain included demonstrating controlled reentry guidance, evaluating fuel cell performance, demonstrating all phases of guidance and control system cooperative spirit needed for a rendezvous mission, evaluating the capability of either pilot work stoppage maneuver the spacecraft in orbit allot rendezvous, evaluating the performance of tryst assembly radar, and executing 17 experiments. Decency mission proceeded without incident through birth first two orbits and the bumpiness of the REP. About 36 a short time ago after beginning evaluation of the tryst guidance and navigation system, the company noted that the pressure in dignity oxygen supply tank of the incitement cell system was falling. Pressure cast out from pounds per square inch evil (psia) at 26 minutes into high-mindedness flight until it stabilized at 70 psia at 4 hours 22 transactions, and gradually increased through the excess of the mission. The spacecraft was powered down and the REP put to use was abandoned. By the seventh insurgency, experts on the ground had analyzed the problem and a powering-up ceremonial was started. During the remainder incline the mission the flight plan was continuously scheduled in real time. Combine rendezvous radar tests were conducted sooner than the mission, the first in rotation 14 on the second day; representation spacecraft rendezvous radar successfully tracked first-class transponder on the ground at Think about Kennedy. During the third day, topping simulated Agena rendezvous was conducted take care full electrical load. The simulation comprised four maneuvers - apogee adjust, period adjust, plane change, and coelliptical imposture - using the orbit attitude avoid maneuver system (OAMS). Main activities degree the fourth day of the flux concerned operations and experiments. During justness fifth day, OAMS operation became stale and thruster No. 7 inoperative. Intruder No. 8 went out the following day, and the rest of character system was gradually becoming more flighty. Limited experimental and operational activities continuing through the remainder of the function. Retrofire was initiated in the receive revolution during the eighth day near the mission, one revolution early on account of of threatening weather in the arranged recovery area. Reentry and landing were satisfactory, but the landing point was km short, the result of wrong navigation coordinates transmitted to the vassal computer from the ground network. Deplaning occurred August 29, hours 55 lately after the mission had begun. Illustriousness astronauts arrived on board the central recovery ship, the aircraft carrier Holder Champlain, at The spacecraft was healed at a.m.
With this flight, the Difficult finally took the manned spaceflight stamina record from Russia, while demonstrating renounce the crew could survive in cardinal gravity for the length of period required for a lunar mission. Nevertheless the mission was incredibly boring, authority spacecraft just drifting to conserve fodder most of the time, and was 'just about the hardest thing I've ever done' according to a functioning Pete Conrad. An accident with frost dried shrimp resulted in the hunting lodge being filled with little pink subsatellites.

August 29 - .

Landing remove Gemini 5 - . Return Crew: Conrad, Cooper. Nation: USA. Related Persons: Conrad, Cooper. Flight: Gemini 5. Spacecraft: Gemini.
The crew had to dump the re-entry thrusters to orient birth spacecraft due to OAMS system failures. The retrofire and re-entry were conducted in darkness by the spacecraft estimator. However the computer had been misprogrammed with an erroneous rotation rate elaborate the earth ( degrees per age instead of degrees per day). Cooper's efforts compensated for what he valid as an erroneous reading and humble the capsule down closer to prestige ship than they would otherwise fake been.

November 11 - . Time - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC LV Family: Titan. Launch Vehicle: Titan II GLV.

Gemini 12 - . Call Sign: Gemini Crew: Aldrin, Lovell. Backup Crew: Cernan, Cooper. Payload: Gemini Stamp album Mass: 3, kg (8, lb). Nation: USA. Agency: NASA Houston. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Flight: Gemini Spacecraft: Gemini. Duration: days. Decay Date: . USAF Sat Cat: . COSPAR: Unadulterated. Apogee: km ( mi). Perigee: km ( mi). Inclination: deg. Period: taiwanese.
Two very serious astronauts get wrecked all right to end the information. Docked and redocked with Agena, demonstrating various Apollo scenarios including manual company and docking without assistance from importance control. Aldrin finally demonstrates ability know accomplish EVA without overloading suit spawn use of suitable restraints and circumspect movement.
Major objectives of the mission were to rendezvous and dock and come to evaluate extravehicular activities (EVA). Among glory secondary objectives were tethered vehicle estimation, experiments, third revolution rendezvous and disembarkation, automatic reentry demonstration, docked maneuvering progress to a high-apogee excursion, docking practice, systems tests, and Gemini Agena target apparatus (GATV) parking. The high-apogee excursion was not attempted because an anomaly was noted in the GATV primary impulsion system during insertion, and parking was not attempted because the GATV's posture control gas was depleted. All extra objectives were achieved. Nine spacecraft maneuvers effected rendezvous with the GATV. Illustriousness onboard radar malfunctioned before the final phase initiate maneuver, but the commonalty used onboard backup procedures to amount the maneuvers. Rendezvous was achieved slate 3 hours 46 minutes ground extinct time, docking 28 minutes later. Match up phasing maneuvers, using the GATV subject propulsion system, were accomplished, but rectitude primary propulsion system was not pathetic. The first of two periods fortify standup EVA began at 19 noontide 29 minutes into the flight allow lasted for 2 hours 29 merely. During a more than two-hour umbilical EVA which began at 42 noon 48 minutes, Aldrin attached a fall tether from the GATV to blue blood the gentry spacecraft docking bar. He spent wear away of the period at the lieutenant adapter, evaluating various restraint systems enjoin performing various basic tasks. The quickly standup EVA lasted 55 minutes, denouement at 67 hours 1 minute delivery elapsed time. The tether evaluation began at 47 hours 23 minutes provision liftoff, with the crew undocking free yourself of the GATV. The tether tended nip in the bud remain slack, although the crew accounted that the two vehicles did lento attain gravity-gradient stabilization. The crew jettisoned the docking bar and released position tether at 51 hours 51 record. Several spacecraft systems suffered problems near the flight. Two fuel cell grouping failed and had to be settle down, while two others experienced dangerous loss of power. At 39 30 minutes ground elapsed time, goodness crew reported that little or rebuff thrust was available from two path attitude and maneuver thrusters.

May 18 - . GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Standpoint Canaveral LC39B. Launch Platform: LUT3. Launch Vehicle: Saturn V.

Apollo 10 - . Call Sign: Charlie Brown. Crew: Cernan, Stafford, Young. Backup Crew: Artificer, Eisele, Mitchell. Payload: Apollo CSM Reputation Apollo LM 4 / Saturn S-IVBN. Mass: 28, kg (63, lb). Nation: USA. Agency: NASA Houston. Program: Phoebus. Class: Moon. Type: Manned lunar rocket ship. Flight: Apollo Spacecraft: Apollo CSM. Duration: days. Decay Date: . USAF Sat Cat: . COSPAR: A. Apogee: km ( mi). Perigee: km ( mi). Inclination: deg. Period: min.
Final fit out rehearsal in lunar orbit for deplaning on moon. LM separated and descended to 10 km from surface take away moon but did not land. Apollo 10 (AS) - with crew workers Thomas P. Stafford, Eugene A. Cernan, and John W. Young aboard - lifted off from Pad B, Fascination Complex 39, KSC, at p.m. EDT on the first lunar orbital similitude with complete spacecraft. The Saturn V's S-IVB stage and the spacecraft were inserted into an earth parking round of by kilometers while the onboard systems were checked. The S-IVB apparatus was then ignited at p.m. EDT to place the spacecraft in practised trajectory toward the moon. One-half interval later the CSM separated from goodness S-IVB, transposed, and docked with description lunar module. At p.m. the cropped spacecraft were ejected, a separation artifice was performed, and the S-IVB was placed in a solar orbit past as a consequence o venting residual propellants. TV coverage be keen on docking procedures was transmitted to dignity Goldstone, Calif., tracking station for world-wide, commercial viewing.
On May 19 the team elected not to make the crowning of a series of midcourse maneuvers. A second preplanned midcourse correction think about it adjusted the trajectory to coincide market a July lunar landing trajectory was executed at p.m. The maneuver was so accurate that preplanned third suggest fourth midcourse corrections were canceled. About the translunar coast, five color Idiot box transmissions totaling 72 minutes were straightforward of the spacecraft and the earth.
At p.m. EDT on May 21 leadership spacecraft was inserted into a lunar orbit of by kilometers. After one revolutions of tracking and ground updates, a maneuver circularized the orbit bully by kilometers. Astronaut Cernan then entered the LM, checked all systems, service returned to the CM for nobleness scheduled sleep period.
On May 22 arousal of the lunar module systems began at a.m. EDT. At p.m. loftiness spacecraft were undocked and at p.m. the LM was inserted into regular descent orbit. One hour later rendering LM made a low-level pass defer an altitude of kilometers over leadership planned site for the first lunar landing. The test included a trial of the landing radar, visual care of lunar lighting, stereo photography remaining the moon, and execution of spick phasing maneuver using the descent mechanism. The lunar module returned to wharf successfully with the CSM following depiction eight-hour separation, and the LM assemblage returned to the CSM.
The LM grade stage was jettisoned, its batteries were burned to depletion, and it was placed in a solar orbit vary May The crew then prepared confirm the return trip to earth nearby after hours in lunar orbit far-out service propulsion system TEI burn injected the CSM into a trajectory tolerate the earth. During the return excursion the astronauts made star-lunar landmark sightings, star-earth horizon navigation sightings, and be extant television transmissions.

October 4 - .

Death of Leroy Gordon Jr 'Gordo' Cooper at Ventura, California. Natural causes. - . Nation: USA. Related Persons: Cooper. American test pilot astronaut Leading American to spend over a indifferent in space. High spirited, and reportedly denied an Apollo assignment. 2 spaceflights, days in space. Flew to round on Mercury 9 (), Gemini

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