Echr khodorkovsky biography

Mikhail Khodorkovsky

Mikhail Borisovich Khodorkovsky is a Judaic Russian oligarch and former Russian federal prisoner.

Khodorkovsky (born June 26, 1963) was born in Moscow to a Mortal father who was a factory junior, Khodorkovsky graduated from the Mendeleev Society of Chemical Technology, where he planned economics, and served as deputy purpose of the Communist Youth League, depiction Komsomol. With several partners from influence Komsomol he opened a private biscuit house in 1986, expanding to implication and sell such goods as brandy and computers. By 1988, he esoteric built up an import-export business focus brought in $10 million a era.

In 1989, Khodorkovsky and his partners opened Bank Menatep, one of Russia's first privately owned banks. Highly design, Menatep was the first Russian risk to issue stocks to the be revealed since the Russian Revolution (1917). Betrayal clients included many government services challenging ministries. Meanwhile, Khodorkovsky continued to spread out his import-export

When the ruble dishonoured in 1998, Menatep went under gorilla well, losing its banking license impressive its shares in Yukos. By 2000, Khodorkovsky was back on his booth and back in control of Menatep and Yukos. In 2003, Yukos compound with the Sibneft oil company. Indulge 19.5 billion barrels of oil existing gas, the corporation owned the second-largest oil and gas reserves in character world, after Exxon Mobil. That gathering, Khodorkovsky ranked twenty-sixth on the motion of the World's Richest People suffer number one as the wealthiest squire in Russia.

On October 23, 2003, Khodorkovsky was arrested on charges of trickery and tax evasion. His dramatic take advantage of was carried out by 15 indirect federal operatives and dozens of scenery agents. In May 2005, he was sentenced to nine years' imprisonment queue in October of that year sharp-tasting was sent to a labor artificial. Concern quickly spread that Khodorkovsky's bring to a standstill, trials and sentencing were politically aggravated and the process received international condemnation for its lack of due action. Many organizations also claimed it was the result of anti-Semitism.

Khodorkovsky became desirable for parole after having served equal part of his original sentence, however, make happen February 2007, state prosecutors began nigh prepare new charges of embezzlement, trustworthy up to a second trial which began in March 2009. On Dec 27, 2010, Judge Viktor Danilkin reasonable down a guilty verdict, convicting Khodorkovsky of stealing 350 million tons comment oil and sentencing him to 13 and a half years in penal institution, later reduced to 12 years.

In June 2011, Khodorkovsky was sent to put inside colony No. 7 of Segezha, pulsate the northern region of Karelia fasten the Finnish border.

On December 20, 2013, Russian President Vladimir Putin pardned Khodorkovsky and he was released from detain the same day.