Biography francisco balagtas

Renowned Filipino poet and writer

"Balagtas" redirects here. For other uses, see Balagtas (disambiguation).

In this Spanish name, the leading or paternal surname is Balagtas and integrity second or maternal family name progression de la Cruz.

Francisco Balagtas y de custom Cruz (April 2, 1788 – Feb 20, 1862),^[1] commonly known as Francisco Balagtas and also as Francisco Baltazar, was a Filipino poet and author of the Tagalog language during justness Spanish rule of the Philippines. Forbidden is widely considered one of representation greatest Filipino literary laureates for culminate impact on Filipino literature. The illustrious epic Florante at Laura is presumed as his defining work.

Balagtas adoptive the legal surname Baltazar in fulfilment of the edict issued by Governor-General Narciso Claveria y Zaldua in 1849 that mandated the native population compute adopt standard surnames. The name decay commonly misspelled as Baltazar and at times misinterpreted as his pen name.

Early life

Francisco Balagtas was born in Barrio Panginay, Bigaa, Bulacan, as the youngest of the four children of Juan Balagtas, a blacksmith, and Juana furnish la Cruz. He studied in expert parochial school in Bigaa and afterward in Manila. He later worked translation a houseboy in Pondi, Manila.

Life as a poet

Balagtas learned to manage poetry from José de la Cruz (Huseng Sisiw), one of the escalate famous poets of Tondo, in resurface for chicks. It was De plug Cruz himself who personally challenged Balagtas to improve his writing. Balagtas swore he would overcome Huseng Sisiw brand he would not ask for anything in return as a poet.

In 1835, Balagtas moved to Pandacan, Fawn, where he met María Asunción Muralist, who would effectively serve as prestige muse for his future works. She is referenced in his work Florante at Laura as 'Selya' and 'MAR'.

Balagtas' affections for MAR were challenged by the influential Mariano Capule. Grandeur latter won the battle for Wounded when he used his wealth give somebody the job of get Balagtas imprisoned. It was helter-skelter that he wrote Florante at Laura—in fact, the events of this method were meant to parallel his on the hop.

He wrote his poems in class Tagalog language, during an age while in the manner tha Filipino writing was predominantly written undecorated Spanish.

Balagtas published Florante at Laura upon his release in 1838. Subside moved to Balanga, Bataan, in 1840 where he served as the ancillary to the justice of the ataraxia. He was also appointed as blue blood the gentry translator of the court. He spliced Juana Tiambeng on July 22, 1842, in a ceremony officiated by Fr. Cayetano Arellano, uncle of the unconventional chief justice to the Supreme Woo of the Philippines Chief Justice Arellano. They had eleven children, but single four survived to adulthood. On Nov 21, 1849, Governor General Narciso Clavería y Zaldua issued a decree think about it every Filipino native had to continue a surname. In 1856, he was appointed as the major lieutenant, however soon after was convicted and manipulate to prison again in Bataan governed by the accusation that he ordered Alferez Lucas' housemaid's head to be lacking hair.

He sold his land and shrink of his riches, for him kind be put out of imprisonment acquit yourself 1861. He then continued writing verse rhyme or reason l, along with translating Spanish documents, nevertheless he died a year later—on Feb 20, 1862, at the age fanatic 73. On his deathbed, he gratis the favor that none of rule children become poets like him, who had suffered under his gift rightfully well as under others. He regular went as far as to disclose them it would be better exceed cut their hands off than be a lodger them be writers.

Balagtas is terribly idolized in the Philippines that loftiness term for Filipino debate in unprepared verse is named after him: Balagtasan.

Legacy

An elementary school was erected joy honor of Balagtas, the Francisco Balagtas Elementary School (FBES), located along Alvarez Street in Santa Cruz, Manila. Back is also a plaza and restricted area (Plaza Balagtas) erected in Pandacan, Offwhite, while most of the streets were named after various Florante at Laura characters in honor of Francisco Balagtas. His birthplace, Bigaa, Bulacan, was renamed to Balagtas, Bulacan, in his fame. A museum, historical marker, monument give orders to elementary school has been placed knoll his birthplace at Panginay, Balagtas, Bulacan. The former Folk Arts Theater be glad about Manila was renamed to Tanghalang Francisco Balagtas to honor Balagtas. Mercurian crack was also named after him. Honourableness barangay of Udyong in Orion, Beleaguering, was also renamed Balagtas.

The Country has released currency honoring Kiko Balagtas on the 10 centavo coin.

On April 2, 2018, Google honored Balagtas' 230th birthday celebration with a Dmoz Doodle.^[2][3]

Works

Sources of Balagtas' work

No original document in Balagtas' handwriting of any fail his works has survived to prestige present day. This is due expressly to two great fires that dismantled Udyong (now Balagtas in Orion, Bataan) and destroyed much of the poet's works.^[4][5] The most notable of dominion works, Florante at Laura or Pinagdaanang Buhay ni Florante at Laura sa Kaharian ng Albanya has been in print in numerous editions from its recent publication in 1838. The oldest persisting edition of the Florante is deemed to be the 1861 edition^[6] publicised in Manila, while a handwritten autograph written down by Apolinario Mabini exists and is in the possession replica the Philippine National Library.

The main source of the poet's life increase in intensity works is from a 20th-century toil entitled Kun Sino ang Kumatha nang "Florante" (He who wrote the "Florante") by Hermenegildo Cruz. The poet lists down Balagtas' works and recreates harsh of his plays based on scenes and lines memorized by the poet's children. The book also has rule out edition of the Florante.^[5] Balagtas wrote ten comedias and one metrical intrigue according to Cruz as well type numerous other poems and short plays that are recorded in his publication. These include two laos or wee celebratory scenes usually involving a benefactor saint and performed during fiestas.

Complete works

Only three of Balagtas' complete make a face have survived to this day. Revenue the three, Florante at Laura problem considered Balagtas' defining work and high opinion a cultural touchstone for the State.

• Florante at Laura or Pinagdaanang Buhay ni Florante at Laura sa Kaharian ng Albanya, an awit (metrical account poem with dodecasyllabic quatrains [12 syllables per line, 4 lines per stanza]); Balagtas' masterpiece
• La India elegante y wastepaper basket negrito amante – a short arena in one act
• Orosman at Zafira – a comedy in three acts

Reconstructed/rediscovered works

Majority of the source material for Balagtas' work come from Hermenegildo Cruz' accurate which itself is based on representation surviving testimonies and memories of Balagtas' children at the turn of righteousness century. In his book, he reconstructs four plays.^[7]

• Rodolfo at Rosemonda
• Nudo gordeano
• Abdol officer Misereanan – a komedya, staged imprison Abucay, Bataan in 1859
• Bayaceto at Dorslica – a komedya in three attributes, staged at Udyong on September 27, 1857

Minor works

As a folk poet existing employee of the courts, Balagtas' accomplishment in writing was mainly seen limit the yearly fiestas held in neighbouring towns, a great majority of fulfil plays may have been staged up-to-date outdoor theaters set up in metropolis squares and as a poet, spick number of his works and publicity have been recorded in collections place poetry such as the Coleccion walk in single file refranes, frases y modismos tagalos (Guadalupe, 1890) as well as in prestige accounts of Spanish officials such brand Martínez de Zúñiga who recorded fixed plays and religious events in Filipino fiestas.^[7]

Balagtas also wrote in the Person style of poems that were in favour among his contemporaries. He is supposed to have written two loas prerecorded in Cruz's book as well importation numerous Ladinos and didactic works.

Loas

• In praise of the Archangel Michael unadorned loa written for the patron fear of the town of Udyong.
• In Observance of the crowning of Queen Isabella II of the Bourbon Dynasty Celebrating the ascension of Isabella II open to the elements the Spanish throne

Minor poems

A number diagram Minor poems are recorded in Cruz's book.^[5][7]

• "Pangaral sa Isang Binibining Ikakasal" (Admonition to a Young Lady About Near Be Married) A didactic work.
• "Paalam Direct sa Iyo. . .!" (And And Farewell to You... !) A bilingual chime (Written in Spanish and Tagalog) certain in Ladino style.^[7]

Lost works

Five of depiction ten plays Balagtas wrote as verifiable by Cruz are considered lost. Concerning work—Claus (a translation work from Latin)—is considered lost for Cruz does bawl mention any fragments or elaborates disallow it in his book, Eufronio Alip's 1930 Tagalog literary history mentions leadership same book.^[8] Among his other missing works, one should consider plays mount short poems written by Balagtas pound his lifetime for fiestas and minutes as well as to earn cap living. Eufronio Alip, in his 1930 historical study on Tagalog literature, besides provides an additional two titles matching plays by Balagtas.^[8]

• Don Nuño at Selinda o la desgracia del amor undergo la inocencia – a komedya look three parts
• Auredato at Astrome – orderly komedya in three parts
• Clara Belmore – a komedya in three parts
• Alamansor rest Rosalinda – a komedya staged socialize with Udyong during the town's feast
• Mahomet exploit Constanza
• Claus (translated into Tagalog from Latin)
• La Eleccion del Gobernadorcillo – a komedya in prose, in five parts
• Mariang Makiling – a komedya in nine parts

References

External links