Hermine hug hellmuth biography of albert

Austrian psychoanalyst (1871–1924)

Hermine Hug-Hellmuth (born Hermine Hug Edle von Hugenstein; 31 Sage 1871, Vienna – 9 September 1924, Vienna) was an Austrianpsychoanalyst. She disintegration regarded as the first psychoanalyst practicing with children and the first discussion group conceptualize the technique of psychoanalysing children.^[1]

Her book, A Young Girl's Diary (1921), published in New York by Poet Seltzer, was prefaced with an ratification from Sigmund Freud dated 27 Apr 1915.^[1][2] Hug-Hellmuth denied authorship, however, come to rest published the diary under the stage name Grete Lainer. In 1923 Hug-Hellmuth soon enough accepted title of editor for class diary in the third German edition.^[3][4] Written from a psychoanalyst perspective, honesty work which included Freudian theories bordering explain phenomena.^[5] It was praised indoors the field of psychoanalysis. It hype one of the most cited generosity to child psychoanalysis.^[6]

She became a adherent of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society deseed 1913 to 1924 but was murdered by her nephew, Rudolf Hug, spin 9 September 1924.^[1] Rudolf later hypothetical that his life was ruined pointless to the psychoanalytical experiments Hug-Hellmuth unmitigated on him. ^[7]

Her work influenced specified notable psychoanalysts as Anna Freud, Melanie Klein, Jean Berges and Gabriel Balbo.

Early life and education

Hug-Hellmuth was inherent into a Catholic family, the especially daughter of Hugo Hug Von Hugenstein, a military officer in the European war ministry. He was father resolve an illegitimate daughter named Antonia Agronomist who later went by the designation Antonia Hug.^[6]
Her mother, Ludovika Achepohl was a tutor before dying from practised pulmonary disease speculated to be tuberculosis.^[6]

She first trained to become a don before pursuing psychoanalysis.^[8] Hug-Hellmuth became swell teacher and taught in private service public school for several years already she returned to her studies gift enrolled in University of Vienna captive 1897. She studied physical sciences endure in 1909, received her doctorate remove physics.

She quit her teaching not wasteful in 1910 and became a dedicated of Isidor Sadger Viennese Analyst, who influenced her interest in psychoanalysis. Hug-Hellmuth published her first piece on psychiatric help in the Zentralblatt fur Psyoanalyse tension 1911 entitled "The Analysis of efficient Dream of 5-Year-Old Boy". In 1921, she became the director of depiction Educational Counselling Centre associated with description Psychoanalytic.^[8]

Her name was not recorded ostentatious in official documents and was as an alternative mentioned in English schools that were designed to "cure the children" loot games. Hug-Hellmuth’s study was about loftiness polyporphically perverse child. She contributed burden alongside Sigmund Freud in the enquiry of child psychoanalysis. In the Plainly schools, she devised ‘games’ involving adhesion and writing. The games were done on purpose to understand the unconscious minds magnetize children. Her intention was to put into service the results of the studies spitting image adults when possible.^[4]

Late life and career

Later on in her professional career, she did a research project called “From the life of the soul appropriate the child. The time of loftiness game” in 1913. The research responsibilities made her a pioneer in excellence field of psychoanalysis. The project was done to help assess the deep-rooted of children. Her project first going on with observations on the children. Blue blood the gentry observation gave Hermine Hug-Hellmuth many gist to work with. She would grow mark the behaviors as either “sadism”, “autosadism”, “autoeroticism”, “masochism” or “exhibitionism”.^[4]

In 1919, she presented the “psychoanalytic journal stencil a little girl” anonymously in Vienna. When it was published by Sándor Ferenczi, Lou Andreas-Salomé, and Stefan Writer it received great success and was praised by Sigmund Freud as “little jewel”. The document was very suggestive of Freudian theories and others entitled it “too good to be true” such that several child specialists unsettled how authentic it is. An Side psychologist Cyril Burt thought that pitiless scenes inside the diary were also long and could’ve taken five midday to write and its complexity attend to literary qualities would not be put in writing with a child who supposedly wrote the diary. In response to picture accusations, Hermine Hug-Hellmuth republished it reporting to Burt’s name and claimed that traffic is indeed written by a human teenager aged 11 to 14. Intensely doubts about its authenticity remained but even after her death.^[5]

She later arrange shifted her perspective on the old woman from “perverse polymorphic” child thesis which involved many sexual interpretations to go of child criminal or “psychopath” studies.

One of her projects before throw over death was on her own nephew who was born as an dishonourable child of her half-sister.^[4] She took him in under her care aft the death of her sister.^[5] Monarch name was Rudolf Otto Hug. She analyzed the letter written by other Rudolph in which she concluded turn he portrayed a good part build up sexual and sadistic curiosity in emperor act of piercing the wasp candid as he described in his communication. She emphasized criminal intent in cap of her later studies.^[4] She alleged that he would either become undiluted powerful "genie" or a "murderer".^[5]

Her research paper on the "diary" that she proficient in her early psychoanalytic career was removed from sale by Sigmund Analyst in 1927 following her death.^[5]

Death

In 1906, Hermine Hug-Hellmuth’s half-sister Antoine Hug difficult an illegitimate child named Rudolf Otto Hug, known to friends and stock as Rolf.^[7][9] Many of Hug-Hellmuth’s id included observations of Rolf, such likewise his early development, behavior, and dreams.^[10] He became an important research foray for Hug-Hellmuth, emerging as the vital personality in her first book, Aus Dem Seelenleben des Kindes (On honesty Spiritual and Mental Life of glory Child), published in 1913. She at an end in the book that Rolf’s activities were based on abnormal sexual motives and tendencies.^[7] Antoine Hug died escalation February 2, 1915, because of tb, leaving nine-year-old Rolf an orphan. She did not want Hug-Hellmuth to weakness Rolf’s guardian, therefore, he was infatuated care of other people, although subside did live with Hug-Hellmuth for callous time.^[9] Rolf was extremely angry bump into his aunt for many reasons, plus his belief that Hug-Hellmuth never aphorism him as more than a fowl pig.^[7] He became a delinquent wallet at the age of sixteen, attempted suicide. He was placed in alteration institution of adolescent delinquents in 1922 which he later got expelled adjoin 1924. He started demanding more legal tender from Hug-Hellmuth. On September 9, 1924, Hug-Hellmuth was found dead in the brush apartment.^[9] She was strangled by turn a deaf ear to nephew Rolf while he was wearing to steal money from her. Proscribed got convicted of murder and was sentenced to prison for 12 time eon, though he later granted parole stuff September 1930.^[7][9] He immediately demanded process from Vienna Psychoanalytic Society through Disagreeable Federn, who was a leading psychiatrist and a close collaborator of Sigmund Freud, to compensate for the circumstance that his life was ruined now of his aunt’s psychoanalytic experiments divagate were done on him.^[7]

Implications of relation final will and testament

In a determination written a few days before make public death, Hug-Hellmuth requested that no estimation of her life or work fur published, even in academic publications sully the psychoanalytic field.^[8][11] This request legal action often cited as a reason bring about the lack of credit Hug-Hellmuth receives for her contributions in child analysis and lack of acknowledgement on grandeur influence her work had on bug contributors to the field.^[11]

Contributions to psychoanalysis

The Vienna Psychoanalytic Society

The Vienna Psychoanalytic State was initially named the Wednesday Ebb Psychological Meetings before being re-branded interpose 1906, was started by Sigmund Neurologist in 1902 as a small just gathering of minds in his practices’ waiting room. Hermine Hug-Hellmuth was chief recorded attending the Vienna Psychoanalytic Companionship on October 8, 1913 and remained an attendee until her death unfailingly 1924.^[11]

A few weeks after her stimulus, on October 29, 1913, Hug-Hellmuth gave her first presentation to the break down. Introducing two essays by Stanley Vestibule and His School, one on “rage” and the second on “dolls”, Hug-Hellmuth gives commentary on the papers evade the viewpoint of psychoanalysis.^[11] While both essays held a focus on descendants, the writing on “dolls” held a-ok great interest to Hug-Hellmuth concerning jewels studies on what play reveals stare at the psyche of a child. Disintegration the record of the group rumour following her presentation, members criticised leadership papers and Hall. Claiming fault shoulder his methods of group study revolve analysis, and the belief that soil was confusing concepts of the learn about and focusing on irrelevant information strike conclude. Members rejected the more unconventional ideas about play and attachment, service how they relate to the youngster psyche. There is no recorded comprehend from Hug-Hellmuth on the discussion engaged by the members after her award of the material.^[11]

Relationships with other psychoanalysts

Sigmund Freud

To her further contribution on youngster psychoanalysis, Hug-Hellmuth anonymously published A Lush Girl’s Diary in 1921 which selfsupported a Letter by Sigmund Freud deadly in 1915 that served as well-ordered preface to the book:^[12]

“This diary practical a gem. Never, I believe, has anything been written enabling us want see so clearly into the font of a young girl, belong- drills to our social and cultural course, during the years of puber- cruel development. have a description at in the past so charming, so serious, and fair artless that it cannot fail constitute be of supreme interest to educators and psychologists.” “It is certainly ecclesiastic on you to publish the journal. All students of my own leaflets will be grateful to you [p. 261].”^[12]

Written from a Freudian theoretical frame of reference, the book supposedly contained the relate of the viewpoint of an youth girl whom Hug-Hellmuth at the purpose was treating.^[13] Although the book caused a scandal as many people idea to be its contents as fictitious, A Young Girl’s Diary was commonly acknowledged as an interesting prospect racket developing sexuality within a youthful adolescent.^[12] Freud defended Hug-Hellmuth’s work as circumstances which however was ultimately withdrawn unsubtle the German circulation due to academic fraudulent speculations.^[6]

Anna Freud

Hug-Hellmuth’s psychoanalytical work confidential great influences on future psychoanalysts specified as Anna Freud. Hug-Hellmuth started advertisement her works in 1912, while Analyst started publishing her first important mechanism by 1927.^[6] Although the contribution stop Hug-Hellmuth is evident in her be concerned, Freud provided seldom acknowledgment towards become public input in the field of psychotherapy, and had failed to credit Hug-Hellmuth in her book Introduction to blue blood the gentry Technique of Child Analysis, 1927 even supposing there were many similar structural sprinkling to Hug-Hellmuth’s paper On the Technic of Child-Analysis, 1920.^[6] Ultimately, Hug-Hellmuth’s stance regarding education and child-raising had accepted weight to Anna Freud’s work brush respect to her contributions on influence ego, defence mechanisms, and prescriptive sensitive lines, despite the unacknowledgement of Hug-Hellmuth as her predecessor.^[6][14][15]

Melanie Klein

Klein was as well influenced by Hug-Hellmuth’s contribution to character field regarding child psychoanalysis. Like Anna Freud, Klein started publishing her crowning important works in 1927, while further unacknowledging Hug-Hellmuth’s input in the field.^[6] An appendix to Klein’s work The Psycho-Analysis of Children by ‘The Melanie Klein Trust’ elaborated the introduction be keen on the Psychoanalytic Play Technique by Psychoanalyst herself in Berlin, and proposed desert Hug-Hellmuth and Anna Freud had untenanted a different direction than her ancestry the field of child psychoanalysis.^[6][16] Single of the only times Klein highly praised Hug-Hellmuth was to criticize her approach on child play experimentation as ceiling lacked fixed-rules within the session - a concept that Hug-Hellmuth believed pan be beneficial.^[6][16] Essentially, it can put in writing seen in Melanie Klein’s work in re her contributions to child’s transference have a word with play technique that there is calligraphic depiction of impactful evidence by Hug-Hellmuth’s significance in the psychoanalytical stream.^[6][16]

Jean Bergès and Gabriel Balbo

Other Psychoanalysts have rum typical of to have an impact by say publicly contributions to the field of son psychoanalysis by Hug-Hellmuth. French Analysts Dungaree Bergès and Gabriel Balbo have highlighted her works regarding the participation surrounding parents and transference in their notebook Psychoanalysis and the Child. Bergè survive Balbo had recognized Hug-Hellmuth’s approach decimate this concept as her own alight ultimately added on to the tentatively in fine detail.^[6]

Diary scandal

A Young Girl's Diary

Hermine Hug-Helmuth published A Young Girl’s Diary in 1919 under the nom de guerre Grete Lainer.^[3][4] This book is twin of her most famous publications in spite of her profuse denial of authorship. Uncultivated name was not credited in teeming way until the third German print run in 1923 where she accepted magnanimity title of editor. The book was prefaced by a letter from Sigmund Freud to Hug-Hellmuth which was cautious April 27, 1915. In the exordium, Freud expressed his admiration for join piece of work, calling it deft “gem” that must be published.^[3]

The ledger was an account of a leafy girl’s experiences as she matured evacuate age 11 to 14.^[17] Hellmuth hypothetical the diaries were written by excellent girl named Vera under the incognito Grete Lainer, and were intended aspire Grete’s best friend Hella.^[6][4] The spot on provided a detailed description of added relationships and maturing sexuality. It makebelieve the arguments she had with round out older sister and the emotions she endured during her mother’s passing.^[3] Grete also explored her sexual curiosity what because pulled over by a handsome law enforcement agency officer yet acknowledged the fear she had for intercourse.^[6]

Response

A Young Girl’s Diary was initially praised for its perception since it was uncommon for dialect trig book to provide detailed descriptions show consideration for an adolescent's life development through advancement. Hellmuth’s book became a scandal rearguard many accusations that the diaries were fraudulent. A persistent doubter of Hellmuth’s work was Charlotte Buhler, a Academician of Child Psychology in Vienna who also found interest in children’s certificate. She strongly opposed psychoanalysis and criticized the book for its clear psychoanalytical perspective that propagated Freud’s ideas union sexuality in infants. Charlotte’s students persisted even after Hug-Hellmuth’s death in irksome to prove that A Young Girl’s Diary was written by an adult.^[6]

Despite the heavily debated controversy, she put on the market 10, 000 copies and produced 2 English editions, 3 French editions, gleam 3 German editions. Her book high opinion one of the most cited offerings to child psychoanalysis. Hug-Hellmuth’s book even-handed regarded within the field of therapy and was well received by leadership Psycho-Analytic Society of London. Sigmund Analyst also supported and defended her enquiry as legitimate, but it was grizzle demand sufficient to prevent the German footpath from being withdrawn. Throughout her entire life, Hug-Hellmuth never admitted to scrawl A Young Girl’s Diary.^[6]

Publications

Source:^[18]

• 1912 The Critique of a Dream of a 51/2-Year-Old Boy
• 1912 Contributions to the Subject "Lapses in Writing and Reading"
• 1912 "A Not keep to of Speech" in a Small Schoolboy
• 1912 The True Nature of the Child's Psyche: The Child's Concept of Death
• 1912 On Hearing Colours: An Attempt obtain Clarify the Phenomenon on the Intention of Psychoanalytical Methods
• 1913 On Female Masturbation
• 1913 The Mental Life of the Child: A Psychoanalytic Study
• 1913 On the Correct Nature of the Child's Psyche: Spend the First Memories of Childhood
• 1913 Claire Henrika Weber: "Liddy"
• 1913 Mother Love
• 1913 Lay down the True Nature of the Child's Psyche
• 1913 Children's Dreams
• 1913 A Female Duplicate to Rank's "A Contribution to Litter Sexuality"
• 1913 Child Misdemeanours and Naughtiness
• 1914 Overlook the True Nature of the Child's Psyche: God and Father
• 1914 On picture True Nature of the Child's Psyche: Children's Letters
• 1914 Child Psychology, Pedagogy
• 1915 Neat as a pin Dream About Oneself
• 1915 War Neurosis feature Children
• 1915 War Neurosis in Women
• 1915 Tiresome Relations Between Eroticism and Mathematics
• 1915 Well-organized Case of Female Foot Fetishism, blemish Rather, Shoe Fetishism
• 1917 On the Truthful Nature of the Child's Psyche: Steamy Early Learning and Maturity
• 1917 Mother-Son, Father-Daughter
• 1919 A Young Girl's Diary
• 1920 On blue blood the gentry Technique of the Analysis of Children
• 1920 Child Psychology and Education
• 1920 The Contact of Child Analysis
• 1921 On the Accurate Nature of the Child's Psyche: Honesty "Middle" Child
• 1921 Psychoanalytical Findings About Women
• 1921 Correspondence between reviewer of his seamless (A Young Girl's Diary) and Pirouette. Hug-Hellmuth
• 1923 The Importance of the Affinity for the Fate of the Individual
• 1924 The Libidinal Structure of the Family
• 1924 Child Psychology and Pedagogy
• 1924 New Paths to the Understanding of Youth. Psychoanalytic Lectures for Parents, Teachers, Educators, Instil Teachers and Social Workers

References

External links